Bluetongue Cases Surge to Record Level in UK Livestock

Bluetongue cases among livestock in the United Kingdom have reached a record level, with more cases already reported this season than were recorded across the previous three seasons combined.

Official figures show that 2,201 cases have been identified since the current season started on July 1, 2026. September alone accounted for 1,103 cases, making it the highest monthly figure so far.

The disease affects animals including sheep and cattle and is spread by biting midges. Infected animals may develop fever, ulcers, swelling around the head and lameness, while severe infections can result in death.

The strain responsible, known as BTV-3, was first detected in England in 2023. Researchers say warmer temperatures can support the spread of the disease and contribute to infections being recorded in areas farther north.

Defra records a case when at least one infected animal is found on a premises, so the number of animals affected could be higher. Farmers can use vaccines to protect livestock, but the National Farmers’ Union says obtaining supplies has been difficult, adding pressure to farms already dealing with rising costs linked to drought.